Cryocoolers 22 Table of Contents

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Aerospace Applications

 1 Conceptual Design and Development History of the MIRI Cryocooler System on JWST

R.G. Ross, Jr, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Calif. Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA

21 Mid-Infrared Instrument Cryocooler on James Webb Space Telescope: Cooldown, Commissioning
              and Initial Performance.

K. Penanen, D. Breda, B. Moore, B. Naylor, A. Schneider; K. Sukhatme, and M.Weilert, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA; K. Banks, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, MD; M. Petcch, NGSS, Redondo Beach, CA

35 Transient Thermal Model of the JWST MIRI Cryocooler

M.B. Petach, Northrop Grumman Space Systems, Redondo Beach CA; and B. Moore, Jet Propulsion Laboratory,
Pasadena, CA

43 AIRS Pulse Tube Coolers Performance Update – Twenty Years in Space

R.G. Ross, Jr., D.L. Johnson, S. Broberg, J. Rodriguez, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA

53 Ball Klondike Cryocooler System Design, Development, Qualification and Performance

R. Taylor, B. Buchholtz, A. Brown, D. Glaister, Y. Kim, A. Contreras, D. Oenes, Ball Aeropsace, Boulder, CO;
C. Fralick, D. Mansfield, Sunpower, Athens, OH; and K. Frohling, Iris Tech., Irvine, CA

63 Ball Verne Cryocooler System Design, Development, and Initial Qualification

R. Taylor, B. Buchholtz, D. Glaister, Y. Kim, Ball Aerospace, Boulder, CO; C. Fralick, D. Mansfield, Sunpower,
Athens, OH; and K. Frohling, Iris Tech., Irvine, CA

73 Cryocooler Integration, Modeling, and Testing for the Ultra Compact Imaging Spectrometer
              Airborne (UCIS-A) Instrument

C.S. Kirkconnell, C.G. McNeal, T.A. Smith, L.A. Bellis, A. Ghavami, West Coast Solutions, Huntington Beach, CA;
and M.D. Makowski, JPL, Pasadena, CA

85 Lunar Night Survivability of Cryocooled Instruments Using PALETTE Thermally-Switched Enclosures

D.C. Bugby, J.G. Rivera, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA; and
S.R. Britton, NASA Langley Research Center, Langley, VA

99 TIRS II Cryocooler System Performance and Initial On-Orbit Data

R. Boyle, T. Muench, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD; R. Taylor, B. Buchholtz, D. Glaister,
D. Back, and J. Masciarelli, Ball Aerospace and Tech., Boulder, CO

Stirling & PT Cooler Developments

109 Qualification Testing of Northrop Grumman MiniCoolerPlus Thermal Mechanical Unit for a
              Space-Flight Mission

L. Amouzegar, M. Petach, M. Norris, R. Colbert and E. Dair, Northrop Grumman Space Systems, Redondo Beach, CA

119 High-Availability Cooler Developments at Thales Cryogenics

D. Willems, R. Arts, G. De Jonge, P. Bollens, B. de Veer, J. Mullié, Thales Cryogenics, The Netherlands

127 Low-Cost Cryogenic Technology for Commercial Infrared Imaging

A. Veprik, R. Refaeli, S. Kurucz, CryoTech Ltd, Ein Harod Meuhad, Israel

137 Development of Miniature Stirling Cryocooler for HOT Applications

A. Osterman, F. Megusar, Le-Tehnika, Slovenia

143 Current Rotary Coolers Improvements Usable for Next Generation of Rotary Coolers

C. Vasse, V. Abousleiman, T. Benschop, Thales LAS France, France

151 Development of 5W Class Pulse Tube Cryocooler for Space Use

Y. Hiratsuka, Tech. Research Center, Sumitomo Heavy Ind., Yokosuka, Japan; and K. Otsuka, K. Kanao and
K. Narasaki, Ind. Equip. Div., Sumitomo Heavy Ind., Niihama, Japan

PT & Stirling Modeling & Experiments

161 Impact on the Performance and Heat Flow of a Pulse Tube Cooler Miniaturization

D. Dherbecourt, T. Romand and J.M. Duval, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG-DSBT, France; and L. Marelli
and J. André, CNES, Toulouse, France

171 Contributions of Numerical Simulation in the Development of Pulse Tube Cryocoolers

C. Wang, Boston Cryogenics, Boston MA

181 Experimental Performance of a Passively Driven Displacer

H. Rana, M. Dadd, M.A. Abolghasemi, P. Bailey, R. Stone, Dept. of Engin. Science, Univ. of Oxford, Oxford UK

189 Design, Optimization and CFD Analysis of a Split Type Free Piston Stirling Cooler for Onboard Applications

B.S. Archana, B.T. Kuzhiveli, Centre for Adv. Studies in Cryogenics, Dept of Mech. Engin., National Inst. of Tech.,
Calicut, India

197 Numerical Investigations on Flow Resistance Values for Pulse Tube Cryocoolers

S.C. Chaudhari, A.A. Ketkar, A.A. Ketkar, P. Hemanth, O.P. Joshi, M.V. Tendolkar, Veermata Jijabai Tech. Inst.,
Mumbai, India

203 Square Wave Test for Characterization of Compressor Piston Blowby

R.G. Ross, Jr., K. Penanen, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA; J. Olson, E. Roth, Lockheed Martin Space-ATC,
Palo Alto, CA

211 Compressor Stroke and Frequency Response Measurements Using Strain Gauges

H. Rana, P. Bailey, M. Dadd, R. Stone, Dept. of Engin. Science, Univ. of Oxford, Oxford, UK

GM & GM-Type PT Developments

219 SHI’s Two-Stage 4 K GM Cryocoolers: Enriching Emerging Technologies through Leading-
              Edge Advancements

T. Lei, S. Dunn, B. Gronemeyer, Sumitomo (SHI) Cryogenics of America, Inc., Allentown, PA; M. Xu, T. Morie,
and Y. Hiratsuka, Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan

227 Development of High Cooling Capacity 3 K Two-Stage Pulse Tube Cryocooler

X. Hao, J. Cosco, R. Dausman, Cryomech, Inc., Syracuse NY

235 Development of High Cooling Capacity and High Efficiency 4.2 K Pulse Tube Cryocoolers

X. Hao, J. Cosco, B. Zerkle, R. Dausman, Cryomech, Inc., Syracuse NY

241 Development of a 2W 4K Pulse Tube Refrigerator with Remote Valve

T. Lei, M. Xu, Sumitomo (SHI) Cryogenics of America, Inc., Allentown, PA

249 Development of High-Capacity Single-Stage GM Cryocooler

S.K Gandla, Q. Bao, M. Xu, J. Koch, S. Dunn and R.C Longsworth, Sumitomo(SHI) Cryogenics of America Inc,
Allentown, PA

255 Low Frequency Stirling Operation of a Two-Stage 4K Cryocooler without Rotary Valve with a
              Metal Bellows Compressor

J. Höhne, Pressure Wave Systems, Taufkirchen, Germany

259 Improvement of a Two-Stage 4-K Pulse Tube Cryocooler with Low Input Power and Comparison
              to Numerical Simulation

J.A. Schmidt, B. Schmidt, D. Dietzel, J. Falter, G. Thummes, and A. Schirmeisen; Justus-Liebig-Universität
Giessen, Giessen, Germany, and TransMIT GmbH, Giessen, Germany

265 Solvay Cryocooler for a Quantum Material Characterization Cryostat

R. Bains, Advanced Research Systems, Allentown, PA

Regenerator, Recuperator & HX Investigations

271 Study on Flow Characteristics of Regenerator and its Application in a Stirling Cooler

Y. Cui, W. Dai, X. Ding, Y. Wang, X. Wang, Tech. Inst. of Physics and Chemistry, CAS, Beijing, China;
Univ. of CAS, Beijing, China; H. Li, Lihan Cryogenics Co., Guangdong, China

281 Optimizing Flow Uniformity through Regenerators of Large Cryocoolers Using CFD

A. Ghavami, A. Homa, S.M. Ghiaasiaan, Georgia Tech, Atlanta, GA; C. Kirkconnell, West Coast Solutions,
Huntington Beach, CA

291 Role of Non-Temperature-Gradient Power Flow Terms in Low-Temperature Regenerators

R. Snodgrass, J. Ullom, and S. Backhaus, NIST, Boulder, CO and Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO

303 Heat Transfer in an Eccentric Gas Gap Annulus

T.M. Kalter, M.A.J. van Limbeek and S. Vanapalli, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands

311 Research on the Thermal-Hydraulic Performance of Twisted Helical Bundle Heat Exchangers

Y.N. Wang, J.M. Pfotenhauer and F.K. Miller, Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI

Brayton Cooler Developments

319 Progress Towards a High-Capacity 90 K Turbo-Brayton Cryocooler

A.L. Niblick, K.J. Cragin, M.V. Zagarola, Creare LLC, Hanover, NH; and J.R. Stephens, NASA Marshall Space Flight
Center, Huntsville AL

327 20 Watt 20 Kelvin Reverse Turbo-Brayton Cycle Cryocooler Testing and Applications

B.T. Nugent R.J. Grotenrath, W.L. Johnson, NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland OH

335 Development and Testing of a High-Capacity 20 K Cryocooler

K.J. Cragin, M.V. Zagarola, Creare LLC, Hanover, NH

Sub Kelvin Cryocoolers

345 Continuous 350 mK Stage ADR Cooling for Space and Ground Application

J.M. Duval, J.L. Durand, T. Prouvé, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG-DSBT; C. Marin, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA,
IRIG-PHELIQS; L. Marelli, J. André, CNES, Toulouse, France

353 Performance of a Miniature, Closed-Cycle Dilution Refrigerator at Tilt Angles between 0 and 30 Degrees

R. Snodgrass, J. Ullom, and S. Backhaus, NIST, Boulder, CO and Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO

365 Performance Analysis of the Tube-in-Tube Heat Exchanger in Dilution Refrigerators under Small Flowrates

H.Y. Zu, K. Li, X.T. Wang, Y.N. Wang, S. Shen, W. Dai, Tech. Inst. of Physics and Chemistry, CAS, Beijing, China;
Univ. of CAS, Beijing, China

Thermoelectric Cryocooler Technology

375 Prospects for High Temperature Cryocooling with Improved SWaP-C Enabled by Advanced DTP
              Solid-State Thermoelectrics

D. Crane, B. Madigan, L. Bell, DTP Thermoelectrics, LLC, Altadena, CA

Cooler Drive & Control Electronics

383 Deep Space Cryocooler Control Electronics for the Ricor K508

K.D. Frohling, J.S. Fechter, J.M. Moritz, Iris Tech., Irvine, CA; R.C. Blase, Southwest Research Inst., San
Antonio, TX; V. Segal, Ricor, Israel

393 Development and Qualification Testing of Cryocooler Systems for Affordable Space Missions

D.W. Fogg, R.W. Kaszeta, J.F. Gregoire, M.V. Zagarola, Creare LLC, Hanover, NH; and C. Kirkconnell, West Coast
Solutions, Huntington Beach, CA

401 Testing of a High-Capacity Pulse Tube Cryocooler System for Space Applications

R.W. Kaszeta, C.B. Cameron, D.W. Fogg, B.R. Pilvelait, M.V. Zagarola, Creare LLC, Hanover, NH; P.O. Mine, A.
Gardelein, P. van Rooij, Air Liquide, Sassenage, France

Cooler Integration & Liquefaction Technology

409 Increasing the Efficiency of He and H2 Liquefaction Using Small Coolers

M.A. Green, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA

419 Development of 1.5W Cryostat for a Cold Trap Application

A. Osterman, F. Megusar, Le-Tehnika, Slovenia

425 Toward an 1800-liter Self-Sustaining Biological Freezer, Enabled by Twin PWGs ‘Overdriving’ a
              Pulse-Tube Coldhead

D.A. Wilcox, B. Jayasena, MVE Biological Solutions, Ball Ground, GA; D.J. Carlo, P.S. Spoor, Northside Research
& Tech., Waterford, NY

433 Enabling High-Temperature Superconducting Magnets on Small Satellites Using a Miniature Cryocooler

J.R. Olatunji, N.M. Strickland, T. Berry, E.V.W. Chambers, S.C. Wimbush, Paihau-Robinson Research Inst.,
Victoria Univ. of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand

443 Thermal Design of the 4 T Magnet for Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigerator (ADR)

D. Kwon, B. Kim, and S. Jeong, Korea Adv. Inst. of Science and Tech. (KAIST), Rep. of Korea

451 Performance Comparison of Long-Distance Helium Pulsating Heat Pipes with Varying Adiabatic Lengths

L. Kossel, J. Pfotenhauer, F. Miller, Univ. of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison WI

461 Modeling of Integrated Cryocooling Systems to Improve Resiliency of Superconducting Power Grids
              on Electric Transport Systems

R. Machorro Swain, C.H Kim, P. Cheetham, and S.V. Pamidi, Florida State Univ., Center for Adv. Power Systems,
Tallahassee FL

471 Design and Development of Integral Cold Transportation System

S. Addala, Narasimham GSVL, Karunanithi R, and H.K. Hassan, Indian Inst. of Science, Bangalore, India

479 Looped Thermoacoustic Cryocooler with Self-Circulating Large Area Cooling

T. Steiner, Etalim, Canada

489 Modelling the Thermodynamic Response of a Cryocooler after Switching It Off

K.W. Lotze, H.J.M. Ter Brake, Univ. of Twente, The Netherlands

495 FPFD Radio Isotope Heat Sourced Stirling Engine for Powering Stirling Cryocooler and Other
              Devices in Space

M.A. Krishnan, B.T. Kuzhiveli, Center for Adv. Studies in Cryogenic, Dept of Mech. Engin., National Inst. of Tech.,
Calicut, India

503 Design of Thermal Systems for Cryocooled Sensors in Space Rovers with Feedback Loop

A.S. Vaisakh, B.T. Kuzhiveli, Centre for Adv. Studies in Cryogenics, Dept of Mech. Engin. National Inst. of
Tech., Calicut, India